Selection and Recruitment - 5933 Words

EMPLOYMENT RECRUITMENT AND DEVELOPMENT CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW CRITICALLY EVALUATE VARIOUS SCREENING AND SELECTION METHODS AND RECOMMEND A SCREENING AND SELECTION PROGRAMME FOR YOUR DEPARTMENT This paper will critically evaluate and explore the key tools and techniques that are used in selection and recruitment process by the organizations. Organizations have infact, a vast range of tools to consider in screening and selecting a workforce. This paper will analyze the theoretical principles behind the relevant screening and selection method and then apply the theories to the Jandal Air Call Centre. The first section of this paper defines and describes the key concepts of validity, predictive validity, utility and reliability†¦show more content†¦Predictive validity is the ability of a measure to predict future job performance (Schmidt Hunter, 1998). Low validity refers to validity in the range of about 0.00 to 0.15. Moderate validity corresponds to validity in the range of about 0.16 to 0.30 and high validity is 0.31 and above (Heneman Judge, 2006). The Validity and Utility of Selection Methods Schmidt and Hunter (1998) pointed out that the most important element of any personnel assessment method is predictive validity, which is the ability to predict future job performance, job-related learning and other criteria. According to Schmidt Hunter (1998), the predictive validity coefficient is directly proportional to the practical economic value which is also called utility of the assessment method. The research on personnel psychology conducted within 85years revealed that the validity of measures of 19 different selection methods are used in decision making on hiring, training and development assignments. However, some of these procedures work well and some do not work well. Determinants of Practical Value (Utility) of Selection Methods Validity of a hiring model and the variability of job performance are the determinants of its practical value which is the utility Schmidt and Hunter, (1998). Furthermore, it says that at one extreme, if the variability is zero, then all applicants would have the same level ofShow MoreRelatedRecruitment, Selection, And Selection Essay1685 Words   |  7 PagesThe topics I am going to discuss in this assignment are Recruitment and Selection. According to Foot and Hook (2011:161), ‘’Recruitment is commonly referred to as the attraction phase (e.g. Murphy, 2008b) and can be further defined as all activities directed towards locating potential employees, stimulating the interests of potential applicants and attracting applications from suitable candidates’’. Torrington et al (2014) propose selection as referring ‘to the methods used to decide which applicantRead MoreRecruitment and Selection2206 Words   |  9 PagesRecruitment and Selection In the competitive business environment nowadays, companies need to present themselves as serious players with edges in various aspects, one most important of which is quality of their workforce. The quality of an organization’s workforce ,to some degree, determines how far it can go and this kind of quality depends mostly on an essential element in an organization’s operation, which is human resource management (Martin, J. 2008). Human resource management refers to theRead MoreRecruitment and Selection1797 Words   |  8 PagesIn recruitment advertising is the means by which job opportunities are made known to the public through the use of media, local and national newspapers, notice boards and recruitment fairs. Advertising is a form of communication for marketing and is used to encourage, persuade or manipulate an audience to continue or take some new action. Recruitment involves actively soliciting applications from potential employees (Taylor 2005). Advertising ha s proven to be relevant as a recruitment strategy andRead MoreRecruitment and Selection2534 Words   |  11 PagesRecruitment Strategies Introduction Recruitment strategies in an organisation are intended to identify suitable employees who fit well for the business (Ahmad Schroeder, 2002). It is a very complex process that needs to be carried out correctly and if not; can incur substantial costs for the business. (Pets, 1997) acknowledges this and highlights that due to the upsurge in competitive pressure, HR managers are constantly looking for ways to develop and sustain performance within theRead MoreRecruitment and Selection2557 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction 2 Literature review 3 Company Profile 4 Objectives 5 Recruitment and Selection 6 Conclusions 7 Bibliographies INTRODUCTION The study is on recruitment and selection of human resource which is the movable asset of the company. In today s rapidly changing business environment, organizations have to respond quickly to requirements for people. Hence, it is important to have a well-defined recruitment policy in place, which can be executed effectively to get the best fitsRead MoreRecruitment And Selection Process For Recruitment1847 Words   |  8 PagesRecruitment is the process which aims to choose suitable candidates for a particular position at the right time. Selection is a process which aims to assess and appoint individuals (Bratton and Gold, 2012). Recruitment and selection processes are integrated activities (Newell, 2014).In the pursuit of developing the business and greatly surpassing other companies in the human resource management sector, it is necessary for the company to enhance recruitment and selection ability through differentRead MoreRecruitment and Selection2281 Words   |  10 Pa gesappropriate recruitment and selection methods? Discuss how process of interviewing can be improved in organisation to strengthen the validity and reliability of the method. In the era of globalisation and fast changing business conditions, organisations are looking for effective management and employee recruitment and selection. The current situation demands a complete strategic approach to HRM. Therefore it is important to look at the traditional methods and modern approach in the recruitment and selectionRead Morerecruitment and selection process1124 Words   |  5 Pagesproposal on RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS OF MOE (Ministry of Education) By Benafsha Musafirzada Supervised By Nisar Khan Sir موØ ³Ã˜ ³Ã›â‚¬ Ø ªÃ˜ ­Ã˜ µÃ›Å'Ù„Ø §Ã˜ ª Ø ¹Ã˜ §Ã™â€žÃ›Å' Ø ±Ãš ¼Ã˜ § RANA Institute of Higher Studies 2014 RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS OF MOE (Ministry of Education) INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study This project is titled as study of Recruitment and Selection Process of MOE. In this project the readers will come to know about the process of Recruitment and SelectionRead MoreRecruitment and Selection Essay771 Words   |  4 PagesThere are four major types of legislation that affect recruitment and selection in a non-unionized workplace within Alberta. Those types of legislation being: †¢ Constitutional law †¢ Human Rights law †¢ Employment Equity legislation and †¢ Labour law/employment standards and related legislation Constitutional law as a whole is the supreme law of Canada and has precedence over all other legal means; it consists of a series of Acts and orders passed since 1867 by the BritishRead MoreThe Recruitment And Selection Process Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesOne reason why the recruitment and selection process is important is because the future success of the salesforce, as well as the firm, all depends on the recruitment of staff that is highly and rightly qualified for certain positions within the firm. The stage of recruitment and selection is very necessary because for example, it would be very costly and effect the firm negatively if someone is recruited and they don’t possess the necessary skills and qualifications for the jobs. The competence

Comprehensive Proposal for the Development of an Early...

Comprehensive proposal for the development of an early childhood education program Do you realize how important the first few years of your child’s life are? We at Lighthouse Learning Academy understand how important these years are. The early years are when the foundation for your child’s life is being implemented. That is why at Lighthouse Learning Academy we provide programs from ages 6 weeks through 12 years old. Our Early Care program services infants from 6 weeks through 24 months. This program is designed to make sure that each child’s physical and developmental needs are met. Daily schedules are adjusted to meet each child’s sleeping and eating patterns. At the appropriate time, toddlers are introduced to different concepts and†¦show more content†¦We take pride in working with local support agencies, legislatures, and school systems to provide safe, strong, and constant services for children from birth through the school years. We take pride in our parents, our staff, and the valuable chance that we have to be a part of your child’s development. The influence that we can have as partners for children is beyond measure. At Lighthouse Learning Academy we think that all children have a right to respect, in spite of their skill levels. We provide an environment that is safe yet thought-provoking, and a curriculum that challenges them through creativity and learning through play. Consequently, our program supports the following philosophy about children and their growth: 1. Each child has a unique learning style, learns at a different pace, by different methods and at different ages of maturation. 2. A positive attitude develops in children, who can fulfill their goals, complete tasks on their own, and work with others and receive positive feelings from others. 3. Children learn self-discipline through understanding, commitment, and reinforcement. 4. Children gain their independence by being allowed to do things for themselves as they are capable of, but keeping in mind new skills. In a safe, caring, respectful environment, children have the greatest chance to grow and develop. Such aShow MoreRelatedComprehensive Proposal for the Development of an Early Childhood Education Program1194 Words   |  5 PagesComprehensive Proposal for the Development of an Early Childhood Education Program ECE 312: Administration of Early Childhood Education Programs April 22, 2013 Community Caregivers Child Care Center 4567 Untrue Lane Opelousas, La. 70570 337-012-3456 Hours of Operation: Monday- Friday 6:00 A.M – 7:00 P.M Providing quality child care for children ages birth-5 years old. Community Caregivers Child Care provides the community with quality child care that fitsRead More Head Start Essay example1667 Words   |  7 PagesHead Start Head Start and Early Head Start are comprehensive child development programs which serve children from birth to age five, pregnant woman and their extended families. They are child-focused programs that have the overall goal of increasing the school readiness of young children in low-income families. . These programs try to prepare young children intellectually, socially, emotionally and physically for their future educational and social endeavors. ( U.S. Department of Health and HumanRead MoreObesity Is The Reason Our Youth972 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction Childhood obesity has been on a steady incline over the past 30 years and is considered a serious public health concern, especially in elementary school aged children. According to the US Surgeon General, nearly one in three children are overweight or obese (US Department of Human Health Services, 2014). The American Heart Association (2010) has age and sex specific growth charts that show the calculation of children’s BMI using their height and weight. When children’s weight isRead MoreImportance Of Graduate Standard 2946 Words   |  4 Pagesstudy and some educational readings, and other while on practice itself. Over the course of my degree I have come to learn the content and applying it in the curriculum for children across age through different teaching strategies. I have used the Early Year Learning Framework in my professional experience and workplace practices across different age groups. In planning for practicum, I have had the opportunity to plan and im plement a learning experience (evidence for 2.1) for children, I followedRead MoreDeveloping Policies Of Trinidad And Tobago1674 Words   |  7 PagesTobago which embraces access to quality education. I found these document which supports our vision, the STRATEGIC PLAN OF THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, (MOE), (2002-2006). And MINISTRY OF EDU-CATION, EDUCATION POLICY PAPER (1993 - 2003). In the past Trinidad and Tobago has had equity and equality issues (UNESCO, 2003) these were the developing policy that embraces access to equality education for all. And in these documents the government is focusing on the education system and is looking into the Edu-cationRead MoreChildren Early Intervention Programs Essay1977 Words   |  8 Pageshealthcare costs, we must find ways to finance programs that will inoculate disadvantaged children against poor social determinants. While we can’t mandate a certain degree of financial stability, competency, and commitment to fully engage in the art/science of child-rearing before issuing a license to conceive, we can build upon the thinking behind models such as the Perry Preschool and Abecedarian Projects, as well as Healthy Start and Regional Intervention Program (RIP) concepts and their successes inRead MoreMajor Connections Between Young Children s Development And Learning And Their Later Attainment And School Achievement1554 Words   |  7 PagesGeneral study points to the major connections between young children’s development and learning and their later attainment and school achievement. In addition, negative courses for children who begin kindergarten behind their peers have been reported. These results make it necessary that preschool children have the basic foundation for upcoming school success and are ready when they enter kindergarten. In the past it was expected that children were ready for kindergarten if they were healthy andRead MoreImmigration Reform During The United States925 Words   |  4 PagesSince the early 1990’s, the immigrant population in America has doubled to over 40 million. The population could be higher factoring in illegal immigrants with the number estimated to be over 11 million. Majority of these immigrants both legal and illegal are mainly from Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. Uncontrolled immigration has been blamed on loss of jobs, higher crime rates and housing problems in the US. While these immigrants play a unique role in the economy, the executive andRead MoreEducation Is The Root And Foundation Of A Person s Growth Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pages　　Education is the root and foundation of a person’s growth in life. This is where skills are being developed as well as knowledge, awareness, and comprehension are being supplied. In spite of the ir ethnic root, monetary status, and religious convictions, all Filipinos have the right to access education (Castro, 2014). Unfortunately, not all are receiving the adequate and stable way of having a smooth learning because of the lack of school, teachers, money, limited resources, and even because ofRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Major Public Health Epidemic Essay1914 Words   |  8 PagesChildhood obesity is a major public health epidemic which has significantly risen over the past three decades and there is no chance in sight of slowing it down unless real action is taken. This major health crisis continues to reduce individuals’ quality of life and has caused severe health problem like heart disease which is the leading cause of death in the United States and around the world. In most cases, obese children grow up to be an obese adult. The prevalence of childhood obesity can

Inflation in Pakistan free essay sample

Introduction Subject of our report is unemployment. Purpose of selecting this topic is to give information to our fellow friends about one of the major problem which Pakistan is facing these days. In this report we tried our best to put a spot light on its major causes and its effects. The unemployment rate (10 years and over) in Pakistan was last reported at 5. 7 percent in the second quarter of 2011. Historically, from 1990 until 2011, Pakistan Unemployment Rate averaged 5. 8% reaching an all-time high of 7. 8% in June of 2002 and a record low of 3. 13% in December of 1990. The unemployment rate can be defined as the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labor force. Unemployment is a key measure of economic health. It is a major factor in determining how healthy an economy is; if the economy maximized efficiency, everyone would be employed at some wage. An individual unemployed is both unproductive and a drain on society’s resources. We will write a custom essay sample on Inflation in Pakistan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, while unemployment seems a basic statistic the number without jobs divided by those with jobs the issue is anything but unemployment is a powerful statistic that shapes government policy and personal decisions. Methodology Questionnaire will be used for survey and collecting quantitative data. We had interviewed with those peoples who are unemployed also taken their ideas about causes of unemployment. Internet is also a source for data collection. Limitations Following are the limitations that we faces while conducting our research: †¢Time constraint †¢Limited data †¢Non serious attitude of people while filling questioner Facts Figures Year Unemployment Rate 19833. 85 19843. 75 19853. 65 19863. 3 19873. 071 19883. 142 19893. 141 19906. 3 19914. 689 19926. 064 19935. 283 9944. 785 19955. 099 19965. 362 YearUnemployment 19975. 755 19986. 01 19995. 906 20006. 87 20017. 829 20028. 051 20038. 267 20047. 977 20057. 691 20066. 908 20076. 195 20086. 195 20096. 195 20106. 195 Unemployment Unemployment occurs when a person who is actively searching for employment is unable to find work. Unemployment is often used as a measure of the health of the economy. The most frequently cited me asure of unemployment is the unemployment rate. This is the number of unemployed persons divided by the number of people in the labor force. Types of unemployment: Frictional Unemployment: —This type of unemployment happens because of ‘normal’ workings of an economy. When a person quits finding a better job or when they’re fired and look for a more suitable job, this is called frictional unemployment. It can also happen if consumers shift their demand towards a new product, thus eliminating the need for so many workers in a field. The same is true if technology improves and makes the skills of some workers unnecessary. †¢Structural Unemployment: —As it sounds, this type is caused by significant changes in the structure of an industry. Substantial changes in industry, location, or even seasonal changes can cause structural unemployment. Generally these changes force workers out of a job because the cost to relocate or adjust is simply too much. †¢Cyclical Unemployment: —Downturns in the economy generally account for cyclical unemployment. When the number of unemployed workers exceeds the number of job positions available in an economy, that’s usually a sign of cyclical unemployment. Unemployment in Pakistan Unemployment is one of the biggest problems of Pakistan. In the current situation more than 30 lac people are unemployed in Pakistan and unemployment ratio is more than 12%. The biggest reason of unemployment in Pakistan is concerned with the backwardness of agriculture sector. Agriculture is the biggest sector of our economy that contributes 20. 9% to GDP and 44% people get jobs from this sector directly or indirectly. Unemployment in this sector is from two sides. First is due to the adoption of latest machinery and capital intensive technology. Due to this, demand for labor has been decreased. Second is lack of education, fertilizers, pesticides, quality seeds absence of land reforms. Due to these entire factors agriculture sector is not developing. Effects of Unemployment If people are unemployed, production of goods and provision of services falls off, and simultaneously, the people who are unemployed lack the wherewithal to purchase goods and services. People who still have money, the investors, are reluctant to invest any money in the production of goods or the provision of services because when production and consumption are down, there is no opportunity to get a return on the investment. Effects of unemployment are social not just economic. Frequently, crime rates rise as people are unable to meet their needs through work. Divorce rates often rise because people cannot solve their financial problems. The rate of homelessness rises, as do the rates for mental and physical illness. Homes are foreclosed upon or abandoned, and neighborhoods deteriorate as a result. The ability of government to provide for people is also seriously compromised. When there is high unemployment, people pay fewer income taxes and also pay less in sales taxes because they purchase fewer goods and services. This leads to less in the way of public services, which includes everything from police and fire protection to the staffing for the municipal swimming pool and rubbish pickup. Major Causes of Unemployment: †¢Employment in the private sector absolutely stopped because they shifted their capital to other countries because of nationalization of industrial units badly affected the investment industrial sector. †¢The higher growth rate of population is the major cause of unemployment in Pakistan. The resources of the country are limited because population has exceeded the optimum level. Karachi is the biggest industrial base of Pakistan, but investors are reluctant to invest there because of unrest and violence. †¢Our educational system is also responsible for increasing unemployment rate among the educated youth. The attitude of our youth towards the choice of a career is unrealistic and unproductive. Rapid mechanization and computer technology also causing unemployment. à ¢â‚¬ ¢The government is not involving in capital expenditures which create more jobs. †¢Main issue of unemployment in our country is that whenever a new technology comes as software or hardware then all the people starts studying about that. Then at the end, you will see ten thousand students of a particular field about 5 to 10 job vacancies. †¢Things are not handled in appropriate manner, as the vacancies are less but job seekers are more than that. †¢Opportunities are not enough and system of reference is so much indulged in our society that if a company needs employees then workers of that company will provide some resume to them of their relatives and friends so in this way many people don’t get the opportunity to apply for those jobs. Disadvantages of Unemployment . Personal: It involves loss of paycheck personal identity, linked to crime, suicide, heart diseases and mental illness. 2. Costs to society: It means less goods and services produced in an economy. Unless you are already loaded with money (inheritance, lottery, etc. ) people have a job to make money to buy necessities. Unemployment affects the daily life adversely. No job means no money, no money means no: ? Home ?Food ?Decent clothing ? Access to a doctor (there are free clinics of course just depends where you are) ? Usually no family since you wouldnt be able to support ? Social life ?Pride Effect of Unemployment on GDP GDP is the amount of goods and services produced in a year within a country. When people are unemployed, it means there dont have any income so they cant purchase any good and services. Since income reduces, the demand curve shifts to the left and producers react to this reduction of demand by decreasing production therefore unemployment has a negative effect on GDP and reduces it. Inflation and Unemployment There has been an inverse relation between rate of inflation and the rate of unemployment in an economy. The more the entrepreneur extends the employment opportunity the more he has to pay to that particular factor of production and the more payment to factor of production the increase in the cost of producing a unit will be observed and in order to maintain the profitability of the product the entrepreneur will inflate the price of that product. A similar process will be observed throughout the economy when the government intends to create job. The price of products or services, where the workforce is installed, will increase hence an increase in the rate of inflation will be visible throughout the economy. The relation of unemployment and inflation is known as Phillips curve. Importance of Pakistan NGOs on Solution Of Unemployment Problem Employment problem in the transitive period is a public problem, in solution of which all society, together with the representatives of its various population layers, shall participate. In the given aspect the importance of NGO is very powerful, as every NGO represents the certain group of a society. The third sector plays a considerable role in the solution an employment problem: it is a source of jobs, also it carries out professional training, personnel retraining, creates and provides employment to the citizens (recruitment NGOs), attracts volunteers. All of this is directed towards resolution of an unemployment problem. NGO is such an area of human activity, which is built on the organized people’s initiatives. The unsatisfied economic and social needs of the people have caused an increase in number of NGOs worldwide, variety of the forms and directions of their activities. The governments of the various world countries, changing their own role in economy and society, using the new approaches and public structures for the resolution of essential economic, social, ecological and other problems, first of all, rely on non-state, non-governmental, noncommercial organizations. This is quite natural since they have already proved that necessity convincingly enough. In the states with market and transitive economies NGOs render services and produce public values, which are not profitable or do not bring sufficient profit to commercial structures on one hand and cannot be managed by bulky machine of the state bureaucracy on the other hand. Besides that the NGO services do not require such serious expenses from the state budget since they attract monies from private commercial structures and international charitable organizations while state structures perform the same social programs using state budget monies. All of this witnesses the significant contribution of NGOs to national economy. In transition economy a number of newly created jobs increase much slower than dismissal from overcrowded fields. The situation in the employment market of work varies slowly the number of the unemployed grows. In this situation the great support for the state is the activity of non-state, non-governmental organizations, which are actively engaged in staff preparation and retraining, help to employ youth, women, and disables, needy, conducting computer literacy training, assisting the beginning businessmen to open their own business, thus stimulating creation of jobs. The inspection has shown that NGOs in Pakistan play a considerable and growing role in maintenance of unemployment. On one hand starting to function NGOs create jobs for their own employees, on the other hand, within their own activities they find employment the other people, thus increasing employment of the population. As the recently conducted polls have shown, the overwhelming majority of NGO perceive the problem of employment and personnel training very seriously and this allows us to consider them as the partners to the state on maintenance of employment. Just small number of the respondents have given the negative answer to the question of creating jobs but also they actually also are engaged in employment of the population, creating jobs both inside themselves and by development of their branches or representations in regions. The greatest amount of jobs was created by female movement, professional associations, childrens and youth organizations. Female NGOs actively function in all areas of republic, are an example and sample of the most serious and active partnership with state structures. They decide the most various problems: motherhood and childhood support; creation of conditions promoting formation of healthy generation; protection of women interests and their economic status, female business etc. NGO studies a situation with employment of certain area revealing unprofitable or low profitable enterprises, can at any moment reduce jobs, scale of real both potential dismissal of the workers and employment opportunities. Besides that NGO finds out what the dismissed workers need, including in terms of education continuation or training for a new profession. As a result the educational centers are formed, the required resources for the solution of the established tasks are defined and the personnel retraining programs are developed. Personnel retraining efficiency are expressed in the program cost and a number of the employed after retraining. As a rule, a part of the retrained personnel find a job at once. A vivid example is the work of the business women association, which has created during its existence 60 thousand jobs and more than 6 thousand women from all areas of the country have passed the training for a new profession. This makes such NGOs the reliable business partner of the Ministry of Labor. The influence of NGO activities on employment increase is obvious and requires more detailed consideration by state authorities. It is necessary to consider NGO as the tool by the help of which unemployment problem can be partially solved. Probably, it is necessary the potential incorporated in the essence of NGO and solve unemployment problem in our region having united all interested parties efforts.

The Migration System Of Australia Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Migration System Of Australia. Answer: European settlements initiated in Australia in 1788 when the population was merely 40000 and the present population of Australia is around 30 million. One of the primary reasons for such increase in population has been the number of migrants entering into Australia. For this reason there was a need of a strong migration system in the country. The migration system of Australia has witnessed several changes in its history. The migration system started from only European people and now accepts multiculturalism. One of the most popular reforms in relation to the migration system in Australia has being the shift from white policy to multiculturalism. Prior to 1956 non-European residents were not allowed to become Australian citizens. However after this period citizenship was offered to those who did not have a European background. Gradually mixed race migration was increasing in Australia and the country entered its initial migration agreement (Non-European) with Turkey. In 1978 structured selection replaced the quota system which was based on reservation of racial homogeneity and country of origin. According to this policy rather than the country of origin migrants was selected on the basis of there social and personal attributes and occupational group. Australia was declared as a multicultural society in 1973 and from this period all practices in relation to racial or ethnic discrimination had been abolished. It was provided through the Australian Citizenship Act 1973 that equal treatment h as to be provided to all migrants coming to Australia. Due to this policy thousands of people started to arrive in the country by boats from countries like Vietnam, China, Middle East and East Timor. All such peoples were subjected to mandatory interment during the period where there claim for a Refugee status was assessed. However for this reason Australia had been subjected to criticism by United Nations and Amnesty International in relation to detaining all illegal migrants which also included children. The practice is still applicable in the Australian migration system[1]. An enquiry was led by Fitzgerald in 1988 which suggested future changes in the migration system by moving away from a process of family reunion and putting emphasis on business and skill categories. The year 1981 witnessed the abolishment of the assisted passive scheme and only refugees were provided certain level of support while they arrived in Australia. New Zealand for the first time took over the number of British migrants arriving in Australia the year 1996. One of the reasons for this situation is also the renewed prosperity in European countries and migrants from New Zealand are now followed by countries like India, South Africa and China rather than Greece or Italy. Citizens of Countries which have been unrepresented previously are being accepted as refugees by Australia due to overseas conflicts. Therefore the primary achievements which has been made by the migration system in Australia is in relation to introduction of multiculturalism and shifting from a discriminative an d unproductive selection criteria to a criteria based on skills and knowledge. However there is a significant area in the current Australian migration system which needs to be addressed appropriately to ensure that the system is fair and just. According to ABC News there are several immigrants who have been kept under immigration detention by the Department of Immigration and Border Protection[2]. It has been argued by Doherty that the current system of keeping people under immigration detention by Australia is a crime against humanity[3]. People are put into immigration detention for an indefinite period by the Australian government until their immigration status is assessed. This assessment period may take a significant time until then the people have to stay in immigration detention facilities which are also not up to a relevant standard as stated through humanrights.gov.au [4]. The state of people residing in Australian immigration detention facility is very poor. In the given situation it would be suggested that the issue in relation to immigration detenti on is addressed by the migration system. If Australia would be able to address the issue related to immigration distension all criticisms which the country has been subjected to from the United Nations and Human Rights agencies would be significantly reduced. This situation may be initiated by setting out prescribed time frame beyond which a person would not be kept under immigration detention. Setting a time limit in relation to the assessment of a persons immigration status would provide them with significant mental support. The Australian government can also enhance the facilities which are provided in the immigration detention centres. Bibliography AustraliaS Migration History | NSW Migration Heritage Centre (2018) Migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au https://www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au/belongings-home/about-belongings/australias-migration-history/index.html Australia's Offshore Detention Centres 'A Crime Against Humanity' (2018) ABC News https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-14/offshore-detention-centres-crime-against-humanity-icc/8270028 Ben Doherty, Australia's Indefinite Detention Of Refugees Illegal, UN Rules (2018) the Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/law/2016/may/18/australias-indefinite-detention-of-refugees-illegal-un-rules. Immigration Detention And Human Rights | Australian Human Rights Commission (2018) Humanrights.gov.au https://www.humanrights.gov.au/our-work/asylum-seekers-and-refugees/projects/immigration-detention-and-human-rights

What Are Really The Reasons Behind Why People Want Children Essays

"What are really the reasons behind why people want children?" Why do people want children? This question may seem a bit trivial, but when you take into affect the millions of people that have children each day the question quickly takes on a new light. This is not just merely a personal question that affects only a few individuals, it is much larger than that because it affects and dictates the whole human population. This issue clearly becomes more important when this is taken into account. The question of why people want children is well exemplified in Bernard R. Berelson's essay "The Value Of Children: A Taxonomical Essay." Berelson examines all the major reasons that people would want to have children one-by-one. Berelson opens with the first reason of biological. He asks questions like, "do people innately want children for some built-in reason of physiology? Is there anything to maternal instinct, or parental instinct? Or is biology satisfied with the sex instinct as the way to assure continuity"(220)? Berelson tries to answer these questions by comparing babies to adults and also the reaction that adults have to babies. Berelson states the fact that babies look absolutely different from adults. They have big heads, large foreheads, eyes almost in the center of their head because of their large forehead, and they are very fat compared to adults. This is why Berelson believes that this "babyishness" triggers something inside of man that causes him to want to protect and care for the baby. When social traditions dictate the number of children a family has this can be seen as the cultural influence of having children. In most cultures even the number of children one has is determined by the society. These social normalities can determine whether or not a family has a very small amount to a very large amount. Having children in order to gain power is the political side to having children. Berelson states all the political reasons very well when he says, "There are political units for whom collective childbearing is or has been explicitly encouraged as a demographic duty-countries concerned with national glory or competitive political position; governments concerned with the supply of workers and soldiers; churches concerned with propagation of the faith or their relative strength; ethnic minorities concerned with their political power; linguistic communities competing for position; clans and tribes concerned over their relative status within a larger setting"(221). This statement that Berelson makes clearly emphasizes all the political reasons for having children. Of course, how can one forget that there are economic reasons for having or not having children? Whether you have children or do not it is obvious that they are definitely a very financial decision. In societies like ours, as Berelson points out, having children is a very costly endeavor. Berelson speaks the truth about what parents are really thinking before having a child when he says, "before conception: another child or a trip to Europe; a birth deferred in favor of a new car, the nth child requiring more expenditure on education or housing"(222). These thoughts run through just about all perspective parents before the decision is made to have children. There is good side to the economic reason for the poor. The poor can use their children to work, hunt, help take care of the home and other children, in some societies if one is a female she can get a dowry for an arranged marriage, and finally for support when the parents grow older and need it. Though as Berelson states, "both s ocieties and families tend to choose standard of living over number of children when the opportunity presents itself"(222). There is always the reason of family or as Berelson puts it "Familial". The reasons of familial are to extend a family name, to try to please the ancestors, and to enable proper religious ceremonies for some cultures. The family bond can also be used to help or hold a marriage together. A family gives one a sense of security, not only the child but also the parents. Berelson makes a sometimes less than obvious statement when he says, "Children need family, but the family seems also to need children"(223). The last subject that Berelson goes into

Free Essays on The Life And Famous Work Of Leonardo Da Vinci

The Life and Famous Works of Leonardo da Vinci 1452 – 1519 Leonardo da Vinci was born on Saturday, April 15, 1452, in the small hamlet of Anchiano not far from the Tuscan town of Vinci situated about twenty miles west of Florence. He was the illegitimate son of Master Piero da Vinci, who was a notary public. In the same year Leonardo was born, Ser Piero married his first wife. He didn’t marry Leonardos mother Caterina. She was probably the daughter of a farmer. (library.thinkquest.org/3044 adv_over.html 1)Local tradition locates his birthplace to a stone cottage that overlooks fields of olive groves. Leonardo da Vinci was a very talented man. Other than his mathematical achievements, he also became a great inventor, astronomer, scientist and of coarse a painter. Besides having the great talent and potential for painting, geometry was his main love for life. He received his education in his father’s house: the usual elementary education of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Then in 1467, when he was seventeen years old, he became an apprentice to Verrocchio; learning painting, sculpture, and attained technical and mechanical skills. In 1472 and the age of 20, "Leanardo di Ser Pierro da Vinci dipintor" was accepted into the painters’ guild in Florence, but he continued to work as an apprentice until 1477. In 1476, he was denounced by the Night Watch, but was acquitted of the charge of immoral conduct. Someone wrote a letter to the city governors and thus, started a rumor, telling of his homosexuality. His family, as well as Verrocchio, intervened and eventuall y the charges were dropped. It is thought that this is why he spent much of his life as a recluse. (www.loadstar.prometeus.net/leonardo/life.html 1) He returned to Florence in 1500. (Hart 96) The Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa is regarded as the most famous and well-known works in all of art history. Leonardo painted it while working on The Battle of ... Free Essays on The Life And Famous Work Of Leonardo Da Vinci Free Essays on The Life And Famous Work Of Leonardo Da Vinci The Life and Famous Works of Leonardo da Vinci 1452 – 1519 Leonardo da Vinci was born on Saturday, April 15, 1452, in the small hamlet of Anchiano not far from the Tuscan town of Vinci situated about twenty miles west of Florence. He was the illegitimate son of Master Piero da Vinci, who was a notary public. In the same year Leonardo was born, Ser Piero married his first wife. He didn’t marry Leonardos mother Caterina. She was probably the daughter of a farmer. (library.thinkquest.org/3044 adv_over.html 1)Local tradition locates his birthplace to a stone cottage that overlooks fields of olive groves. Leonardo da Vinci was a very talented man. Other than his mathematical achievements, he also became a great inventor, astronomer, scientist and of coarse a painter. Besides having the great talent and potential for painting, geometry was his main love for life. He received his education in his father’s house: the usual elementary education of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Then in 1467, when he was seventeen years old, he became an apprentice to Verrocchio; learning painting, sculpture, and attained technical and mechanical skills. In 1472 and the age of 20, "Leanardo di Ser Pierro da Vinci dipintor" was accepted into the painters’ guild in Florence, but he continued to work as an apprentice until 1477. In 1476, he was denounced by the Night Watch, but was acquitted of the charge of immoral conduct. Someone wrote a letter to the city governors and thus, started a rumor, telling of his homosexuality. His family, as well as Verrocchio, intervened and eventuall y the charges were dropped. It is thought that this is why he spent much of his life as a recluse. (www.loadstar.prometeus.net/leonardo/life.html 1) He returned to Florence in 1500. (Hart 96) The Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa is regarded as the most famous and well-known works in all of art history. Leonardo painted it while working on The Battle of ...

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Personal Statement Example Later my mother told me that she had a disease called dyslexia. That little incident of my childhood had a far reaching impact on my life. After that I knew what I was going to do in life. I wanted to help mentally retarded people and specially the children with dyslexia. In school, I had a clear mind about what I was going to be. So I excelled in my education step by step until I was in high school. There I got practically involved in pursuing my aim. While in High school, I won a social service organizing contest and then I was given a chance to join an exchange trip in Wuhan. In there, we visited governmental welfare organizations. That was a very useful experience as we learnt how a welfare organization runs, focusing on children and mentally handicapped services. Thus for the first time I practically saw how I could help special children. This experience of volunteering in high school to work with mentally handicapped people was very close to my heart and that was what I had alw ays dreamt of doing, but that was also the most difficult thing that I had ever done until that time. It literally made me test my limits because I always wanted to do that and was planning to do that work in future too, but that was the first time when I also saw its challenges. That was the time when I had to practically decide whether to take up that job for good or to just sympathize with the people who were suffering and move on. After a few initial days, I settled down and I knew that was the only thing that I had ever wanted to do. The mentally handicapped people, who seemed difficult to handle in the first few days, became so dear to me that I could not possibly think of a better thing than to keep them happy and to help them live a better life. So I decided to be an occupational therapist. I also did a lot of volunteer work other than that while being in the high school, for instance I worked as an all time project constructor and the biggest project we did was the one in w hich we helped new immigrants from south Asia or Mainland China to fit in Hong Kong’s environment and to help them fight against discrimination that unfortunately prevails all around Hong Kong. I mainly focused on the students and children by providing tutorial classes of English, Maths and Chinese to them and holding events for them to fit in easily in Hong Kong. But even during that I kept my goal in mind and I focused more on the special children and tried helping their families and tied to help them. So I was honored with awards by The Social welfare Department of Hong Kong for winning the social service contest and for 3 years of volunteer service because I had served more than 100 hours in a year. These awards were nothing to me in comparison with those bright smiling eyes of special children that I had worked with. So I decided to stick with my goal. Keeping that goal in mind, I decided to pursue higher education in the USA. During that volunteer work, I aw many people working with the mentally retarded children. There were the teachers that helped those children to learn new things and I was impressed with their hard work and dedication and the patience with which they efficiently dealt with the children. I saw their attendants who helped those children with everything they ever did day in and day out. But the ones who impressed me the most were the therapists who actually worked to change the lives of those children. They helped them in getting better day by day. So I decided to

Property Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Property Analysis - Essay Example If we think about the investment part for the five floors building the amount of remuneration is very less since the interest being paid for the investment or capital is very high. The installment paid to the bank every month is almost 10,000$. Test2. Comparing the land utilized for the construction, some of the properties are very small not big enough produce good rental value and some of the properties are very big which cant generate greater rental compared to the market value. Commercial property: The super market where I shop is near to my residence and is on the main road in the center of the city. It is a seven floors commercial complex built on a 1500 sq.yard plot. The whole cellar is rented out for the super market, upper cellar is rented out for two different show rooms and the rest of the five floors are custom built as requested by the tenants before the construction of the complex. Since the physical location of the property is in the center of the city a lot of demand is obvious. 4. Commercially considering the complex is rented out for the maximum rent and also to the global clothes brand, telecom giants, chain of restaurants etc. The complex is also put to the best use since global brands employ more people and generating huge employment.

Critical summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Critical summary - Essay Example This trend towards political despotism led to the fall of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming dynasty had an all-powerful emperor with no real role for their regional aristocracy. The dynasty experienced administrative paralysis due to debilitating court factionalism and decline in imperial leadership. If a regional branch of government is not taken seriously, problems like peasant rebellion and invasion are likely to occur. This leads to the fall of any government. Constant invasion by the rebel army led by Li zicheng made emperor Weizong hang himself signifying the end of the Ming Dynasty. This section examines the management problems of dynasties. It, therefore, connects to other parts of the chapter that addresses the rise and fall of other Chinese dynasties. Generally governments that their despotism continues unabated usually oppress their subjects. Governments, therefore, need to be considerate of their subjects, they need to serve them equally to gain their trust and support for them to rule for a long period of time. The governments, therefore, needs to identify the possible fundamental reasons for failures to ensure that they  take a direction  that best suits their subjects to enhance their

Vocabulary and Key Definitions in the Human Body

Vocabulary and Key Definitions in the Human Body The endocrine system works with the nervous system and circulatory system to regulate the bodys activities of cells, tissues, and organs. The nervous system triggers the endocrine system to contract the specific gland and secrete a specific hormone to keep the body in homeostasis. The hormones bind to a protein to hitch a ride using the circulatory system to transport the hormones to get to where they are going. The endocrine system uses what is called negative feedback. Negative feedback works like this: when the body senses hormone A+ (positive) is over its limit, the body triggers hormone A- (negative) to start producing so the hormone balance is within a set limit or tells hormone A+ to stop producing that hormone for the time being. This reaction works both ways. The only glands that do not use negative feedback are the reproductive glands, they are on a positive feedback system. Positive feedback means an action or stimulation occurs, the glands start producing hormones that stimulate a different hormone or action. Once the initial action or stimulation ceases, the gland stops producing the hormone or action.Figure 2 (Browne, C., Dr.2016) Word Parts: -Crin to secrete Diuret to pass urine Endo inside Homeo similar Horm impetus, impulse Hypo below Lact ­ milk Para beside -Stasis slow down or stop Toc birth -Tropic influencing Key Terms: Active Transport movement of a substance through a cellular membrane that requires cellular energy. Anterior Diffusion movement from high to low concentrations, equaling out both sides. Glucose simple sugar that is required for energy within the body. Homeostasis internal environment staying the same on consistent. Negative Feedback System of slowing down to stopping process due to a specific input. Osmosis diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane (Bonewit-West, K., Hunt, S. A., Applegate, E. J., 2016) Passive Transport moves substance through a membrane and does not require cellular energy. Receptor Cell cell that binds to a specific chemical or hormone. Target Cell has a specific receptor added to the cell that will only reaction with a specific chemical or hormone. The  Endocrine  System Figure 1 (Endocrine Gland, 2016) How does it work? Endocrinology study of endocrine system Hormone chemical that influence growth, development, and metabolic activates (Bonewit-West, K., Hunt, S. A., Applegate, E. J., 2016. p 187) Classified as either Proteins or Steroids. Except for sex hormones (classified as proteins or protein derivatives). Endocrine Gland (ductless glands) do not have ducts but secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. Pineal Gland -Aids in sleep. Secretes melatonin. Hypothalamus aids in stimulating other endocrine glands to release hormones (Shier, D., Butler, J., Lewis, R., Shier, D., 1999 p 496). Secretes tropic hormones. Pituitary Gland (The Master Gland) Kickstarts adrenals glands into secreting specific hormones, regulates growth, metabolism, balance of water (Dowshen, S., MD, 2015), and body composition. This system is divided into anterior and posterior lobes. Anterior lobe secretes Growth Hormone (GH), Stimulations Hormone (TSH), Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), Follicle-stimulations Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and Prolactin (PRL). Posterior secrete Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), and Oxytocin (OT). (Shier, D., Butler, J., Lewis, R., Shier, D., 1999 p 497) Thyroid Gland Their function is to regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Secretes thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Parathyroid Gland located behind the thyroid gland and regulates calcium and phosphate ions in the bloodstream. Secretes parathyroid hormone Figure 3 (Endocrine Gland, 2016) Thymus Aids in immunity and formations of different white blood cells. Secretes thymosins. Pancreas Serves a dual purpose as a digestive organ and endocrine gland. Regulates blood sugar. Secretes glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, Adrenal Gland located on top of the kidneys. Helps regulate metabolism, body response to stress, and blood pressure. It secretes epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, aldosterone (Sargis, R. M., MD, PHD, n.d.), androgens (male), and estrogens (female) (Shier, D., Butler, J., Lewis, R., Shier, D., 1999 p 512) Ovary (female) Helps in the maturation of female. Secretes estrogen and progesterone. Testis (male) Helps in the maturation of male. Secretes testosterone. Other glands Lining of the stomach (not studied well) and small intestine (not studied well), heart (atrial natriuretic peptide), and kidneys (erythropoietin).What does this all mean? What happens is when a hormone is secreted into the bloodstream through osmosis or diffusion and it seeks out a specific target cell. Each cell, part of the body, gland, or type of organ had specific receptor cells. This target cell attaches to the receptor cell and tells the cell, part of the, body, gland, or type of organ what to do and/or what to release back into the blood stream. This attachment can be done through active to passive transport. The endocrine system affects the integumentary (skin), skeletal, muscular, nervous, cardiovascular (heart), lymphatic, digestive, respiratory (lungs), urinary, and reproductive systems. What can go wrong? Diabetes bodies unable to store or use glucose. There are 6 different types of diabetic conditions: gestational (while pregnant), hyperglycemia (too much glucose in the blood), Hypoglycemia (not enough glucose in the blood), prediabetes (warning prior to full diabetes), Type 1 (no insulin production), Type 2 (lack absorption of insulin). Growth disorders the pituitary gland doesnt produce enough somatotropin (growth hormone, aid in cell division) which doesnt make children grow at a normal rate. This does not affect brain function, just height, weight, and in severe cases; muscle and skeletal mass. These are just a few of the common endocrine disorders out of the many that are present in patients. References Bonewit-West, K., Hunt, S. A., Applegate, E. J. (2016). Todays medical assistant: clinical & administrative procedures. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. Browne, C., Dr. (2016, June 6). Advanced Vocabulary Study: Mastering Word Parts. Retrieved March 28, 2017, from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/advanced-vocabulary-study-mastering-word-parts-dr-charles-browne Dowshen, S., MD. (2015, July). Endocrine System. Retrieved March 28, 2017, from http://kidshealth.org/en/teens/endocrine.html Endocrine Gland. (2016, September 11). Retrieved March 28, 2017, from http://cephalicvein.com/2016/07/endocrine-gland/ Sargis, R. M., MD, PHD. (n.d.). An Overview of the Adrenal Glands. Retrieved March 28, 2017, from https://www.endocrineweb.com/endocrinology/overview-adrenal-glands Shier, D., Butler, J., Lewis, R., Shier, D. (1999). Holes human anatomy & physiology. Boston, MA: WCB/McGraw-Hill.

Things Fall Apart :: Essays Papers

Things Fall Apart In James Joyce’s Dubliners, a compellation of short stories, that portrays the hardships of everyday life in Ireland during the late 1800’s. Throughout many of these stories, Joyce shows the significance of an individual’s influence on society through examples of drinking, bonding with friends, shared memories/reminiscing, anger/envy, and sexual desire. Many of Joyce’s characters use these common themes to escape the troubles they may face in their everyday responsibilities. More specifically the characters in the two stories â€Å"The Dead†, and â€Å"Counterparts† provide evidence and specific examples of such re-occurring themes. From these particular instances it is evident that the actions of certain characters have a direct influence on them and society. In â€Å"Counterparts†, the main character Farrington uses alcohol to escape from his daily responsibilities. While at work he feels the need to leave and get a quick drink at a local bar to relieve the thirst in his throat, and hopes that by doing so he can return and finish the contract his boss had ordered. Upon his return to work, Farrington realizes there was not enough time for him to finish the contract by the deadline his boss had set. While sitting at his desk minding his predicament, Farrington thought of a place where he would rather be, â€Å"the dark damp night was coming and he longed to spend it at the bars, drinking with friends†¦ (85). So he left work and lied to his boss of the contract. After pawning off his pocket watch for money needed for the night Farrington met up with his friends at one of Ireland’s many bars. Sitting with his close friend Nossey Flynn, Farrington recited the story of how he skipped out of work that night, when he finished Flynn applauded him and â€Å"stood† Farrington a half drink of whiskey.(89) . This interaction between the friends shows how Farrington uses the relationships with hiss friends and joyful reminiscing to escape stress he faces from day to day. Farrington tries to use the ‘oh so familiar male bonding by physical feats, to escape more common stresses of the night by agreeing to an arm wrestling match with Weathers.

Ethical Considerations Project

Ethical Considerations Project Ethical Considerations I believe the ethical considerations in Brownfield v. Daniel Freeman Marina Hospital is for all hospitals to provide all information and access to emergency contraceptives to sexual assault and rape victims. In the defense of Brownfield, emergency contraceptives, Plan B, and oral synthetic hormones is the most common type of emergency contraceptives that should have been disclosed to her upon her request. These contraceptives are often called the â€Å"morning after pill or Plan B†.Some legal considerations are the Principles of Informed Consent. What this principle imposes is it allows a competent individual to advance his or her own welfare. This right and responsibility is performed by freely and willingly consenting or refusing consent to recommended medical procedures, based on a sufficient knowledge of the benefits, burdens, and risks involved. The ability to give informed consent depends on: 1) adequate   disclosur e of information; 2) patient   freedom   of choice; 3) patient   comprehension   of information; and 4) patient capacity for decision-making.By meeting these requirements, three necessary conditions are satisfied: 1) that the individuals decision is voluntary; 2) that this decision is made with an   appropriate   understanding of the circumstances; and 3) that the patients choice is deliberate insofar as the patient has carefully considered all of the expected benefits, burdens, risks  and reasonable alternatives. (â€Å"Ethical issues consent,† 2012) This becomes a matter of a legal issue when the Principles of Informed Consent can be proven in court that the victim was not given such information or allowed to exercise this principle.Supporters of this act argue that emergency contraception is a medically accepted way of preventing pregnancy and does not represent an abortion. A group specifically formed to make sure access to emergency contraception for rape, incest, and domestic violence victims, state that victims of sexual assault should have access to the best available treatment. Other's stressed the importance of giving victims of sexual assault medically, accurate and unbiased information and the choice to prevent an unintended pregnancy.Even though the American Medical Association’s medically accepted standard of care includes administering emergency contraception, only some hospitals unconditionally provide emergency contraception to rape victims. Access to emergency contraception has been a heavily debated issue because there has to be a balance between protecting health care provider’s religious and moral beliefs on one hand, and providing a uniform standard of care and maintaining patient rights on the other.This principle gives an important approach to the analysis of ethical questions arising from the general obligation to preserve human life and the limits of that obligation. Among other questions, the princi ple addresses whether the forgoing of life-sustaining treatment constitutes a physician-assisted suicide in certain circumstances and it guides individuals and surrogate decision-makers in the weighing of benefits and burdens. I truly agreed with the judge in his decision against the Catholic hospital.His decision in ruling the Catholic hospital to be in the wrong simply clarifies and justifies the importance and reasons of a hospital, which is to provide medical services to those in need. Just because it was against the Catholic principles in life, they should have still abided by the Principle of Informed Consent. There are thousands of Catholic churches worldwide in which the Catholic church has their own opportunities to preach and teach their beliefs.However, within a medical facility, I just do not believe in allowing them to preach their beliefs there. It is not the place for it. References Emergency contraception: More than a morning after pill. (1996). Medscape Today News. Retrieved from http://www. medscape. com/viewarticle/718161 Ethical issues consent. (2012). Retrieved from http://www. ukcen. net/index. php/ethical_issues/consent/legal_considerations1

Why do Successful Companies Fail

Why do Successful Companies Fail Why do Successful Companies Fail? Essay: Why Do Successful Companies Fail? Introduction The most important thing any business should get motivated to is the ability to make profits. If the business is not directed to reaching that goal, it heads to fail. If the business is directed to make that move, it should concentrate on the things that make it raise profits. Every successful business has goals, vision, mission and strategies to drive it to the goals and achievements (Zoss). If the business changes its organization culture, it will finally fail to acclimatize to the new culture and fail. Abandoning the set plan to help the company achieve its goals is the surest way to make the company fail because the plan has the conventions that drive the business. In the plan, many factors are considered from the top management to the subordinates (Adams 24). The employees are the instrument that help the business achieve its goals. If they are not respected, they will be not motivated and stop being assertive to work for the achievement of the company. Lack of team work in the business means that there is disintegration and people are not focused in achieving one goal. Most of the companies stagnate because the feel contented about their position sand fail to work harder and fail to expand their clientele. This results to unachieved goals in the business (Zoss). If the leaders do not delegate duties, they get overwhelmed by work and this slows the speed of achieving the goals in the company hence the failure of the business. Authoritative leadership with not delegation only overworks the head and leads to the employees becoming negatives about the management. This slows the rate of achievement hence a failed business (Adams 25). High turnover of workers is an indication that they are not contented with the company management. They resign and, the business trains other workers. Before the new employees understand the rule of the company, there is a slowed rate of achieving targets which may lead to a failed business. Businesses which do not have mechanisms of checking their achievements through strategic management end up failing because there is laxity when employees are not monitored. Rewarding the employees motivates them because they feel as stakeholders rather than instruments of achieving goals in the company (Zoss). If this is not done, employees fail to deliver their all and bring down the company to non performance. It is a gradual process where targets are not reached and, it transcends to truancy of employees and finally underachievement which leads to the collapse of the business (Adams 25). Failure to consult experts in business is one way that leads the business to fail because it is difficult hard to operate a business with orthodox strategies in the wave of globalization. If a business does not embrace technology, for instance use of the World Wide Web, it is bound to fail due to the competition in the market. Encouraging fraudsters in the business make the company lose a lot of money which affects the running capital (Adams 24). It is imperative to treat strangers with the utmost care for one never knows what they might do. If a business does not have a SWOT analysis, it is difficult to know the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the market and business. This leads to blind operations without a specified goal to achieve. This leads the company to gradual collapse because it does not move in any given direction (Zoss). You can get custom essay writing help from our professional writing service. Our writers will write a custom paper on any Business topic for you!

Special Stains Laboratory Report

Introduction Special Stains Laboratory Report IntroductionMethodMasson’s TrichromeCongo RedDiscussionReferencesRelated Introduction Staining is a technique that is used to diagnose or study the morphology of abnormal cells such as cancerous cells by highlighting the structural components of a tissue (Bancroft and Gamble, 2008). Staining provides a contrast between different structures in a tissue specimen and allows its examination under a light microscope (Cook, 2006). Haematoxylin and eosin (HE) is a routine stain that is used to microscopically diagnose a vast majority of specimens in which the haematoxylin stains the nuclei, whereas the eosin is used to stain cytoplasm and other extracellular materials (Bancroft and Cook, 1995). According to Slauson and Cooper (2002) special stains are histochemical stains that react with known substances in the tissue. Mohan (2005) explains that special stains are required in various circumstances, where the pathologist needs to demonstrate certain constituent of the cells or the tissue to confirm the diagnosis by etiologic, histogenic and pathogenic components. This techniq ue is called special because they are not a routine stain that is performed on a tissue specimen, instead they are used in addition to HE stained sections (Bancroft and Gamble, 2008). Special stains can identify the presence and abundance of any specific class of molecules in a tissue specimen for example periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction is used to identify carbohydrate substances such as glycogen (Slauson and Cooper, 2002). Other examples include Toluidine blue stain which is used to stain mast cell granules, Perl’s stain demonstrates iron in haemochromatosis, Ziehl-Neelsen stains mycobacteria and Giemsa staining is used to identify Helicobacter Pylori and Giardia organisms (Slauson and Cooper, 2002 and Bass et al., 2005) Masson’s trichrome (MT) and Congo red are the two main special staining methods used in pathology laboratories. Connective tissues consist of cells such as collagen fibres, elastic fibres, and glycosaminoglycans that are scattered within an extracellular matrix (Starr et al., 2011). These cells are distinguished by using a combination of dyes to stain different structures in various different colours (Starr et al., 2011). Masson’s trichrome is used to express collagen in tissues and involves staining with three different sized dyes to stain three diverse tissue densities (Cook, 2006). MT staining produces three distinct colours as the name suggests; nuclei and other basophilic structures are stained black with iron hematoxylin; collagen is stained green or blue depending on aniline light green or aniline blue; and cytoplasm, muscle, erythrocytes and keratin are stained bright red with Biebrich scarlet stain (Young et al., 2006). Since erythrocytes are the densest as the y are packed with haemoglobin, and less porous tissues they are stained with the smallest dye molecule, the intermediate cytoplasm and muscles cells are stained by the intermediate sized dye and the collagen is stained with the biggest dye (Bancroft and Gamble, 2008). However, it has also been suggested that the acid dye which is the Biebrich Scarlet, first stains the tissue as it binds to its acidophilic elements (Carson, 2001). Subsequently, the tissue is treated with phosphomolybdic/phosphotungstic acids so that the less permeable components retain the red colour, whereas it is diffused out of the collagen fibers causing it to bind with the aniline blue or aniline light green (Bancroft and Gamble, 2008). Young et al., (2006) describes that in addition to the use MT stain in assessing the degree of fibrosis, it is also used to evaluate portal tract structures such as the bile ducts, arteries and veins in inflamed liver According to Romhanyi (1971) (cited in Bely, 2006) Congo red is a special stain that is highly specific and a sensitive method for early diagnosis and recognition of amyloidosis.   Cook (2006) states that Congo red is used as the preferred method to identify amyloids in most laboratories on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue of patients with amyloidosis. Kiernan (2007) describes that amyloid is an intercellular material that varies in its composition and is deposited in tissues such as heart, muscle, kidneys, spleen, liver and brain, deposits differ in their composition. Rubin and Strayer (2008) explains that Congo red stain has a linear shaped molecule which helps it to bind to the ÃŽ ² pleated sheet structure of the amyloid through non-polar hydrogen bonds, giving it a red colour. Sen and Basdemir (2003) states that Congo red fluorescence (CRF) is another method that examines the amyloid deposits stained with Congo red under polarized light which shows a red-green birefring ence and according to Rocken and Eriksson (2009) this is the gold standard for diagnosing amyloid. During this experiment special stain techniques were used to analyse specific tissue elements Aims To identify fibroids in uterine tissue section using Masson’s trichrome stain To identify amyloid in spleen tissue section using Congo red stain To discuss advantages of special stains To use special stains to identify important diagnostic features of the tissue To understand the mechanism used by special stains Method Masson’s Trichrome The formalin fixed and paraffin-embedded uterine tissue section was deparaffinized and rehydrated through 100% alcohol, 95% alcohol, and 70% alcohol.   The section was washed in distilled water and then stained in Weigert’s iron hemotoxylin working solution for 10 minutes. It was then rinsed in running warm tap water for 10 minutes and then washed in distilled water. The next step was to stain the uterine tissue section in Biebrich scarlet-acid fuchsin solution for 15 minutes, and then it was washed using distilled water. It was then differentiated in phosphomolybdic – phosphotungstic solution for 15 minutes or until collagen was not red. The tissue section was then transferred directly (without rinsing) to aniline blue solution and stained for 5-10 minutes. Afterwards the tissue section was rinsed briefly in distilled water and differentiated in 1% acetic acid solution for 1 minute. It was then washed in distilled water and dehydrated very quickly through 95% ethyl a lcohol, absolute ethyl alcohol (to wipe off Biebrich scarlet-acid fuschin staining) and then cleared in xylene. The section was then mounted with resinous mounting medium. Finally the slide was examined under the light microscope. Congo Red The spleen tissue section was deparaffinized and hydrated to distilled water. The section was then stained in Congo red working solution for 10 minutes and rinsed in distilled water. It was then quickly differentiated (5-10 dips) in alkaline alcohol solution and rinsed in tap water. The section was then counterstained in Gill’s haematoxylin for 10 seconds and rinsed in tap water for 2 minutes. Following that, the section was dipped in ammonia water (made by adding a few drops of ammonium hydroxide to tap water and mixing it well) for 30 seconds or until the sections had turned blue. It was then rinsed in tap water for another 5 minutes and dehydrated through 95% alcohol, and 100% alcohol. The section was cleared in xylene and mounted with mounting medium. The slide was then examined under a light microscope. Fig 1: Normal uterine tissue stained with Masson’s trichrome viewed under 10 x 10 microscopic magnification Fig 2: Fibroid uterine tissue stained with Masson’s trichrome viewed under 10 x 10 microscopic magnification The microscopic slide (Fig. 1) shows a normal uterus tissue that was stained with Masson’s trichrome, which showed the nuclei stained black, smooth muscle stained red and the collagen fibres stained blue.   Figure 2 shows a uterus tissue specimen stained with Masson’s trichrome that revealed excessive amount of collagen stained in blue, smooth muscle stained red and nuclei stained black.    Fig 3: Spleen tissue stained with Congo red showing amyloid deposits under 1010 microscopic magnification Fig. 4 Spleen tissue stained with Congo red adapted from Stevens and Lowe, (2000) Discussion Norwitz and Schorge   (2006) states that fibroids also referred to as Leiomyomata, are benign tumours of the myometirum of the uterus   that is mainly composed of smooth muscle and extracellular fibrous material such as the collagen, Fibroids do not   invade surrounding tissues or organs and they can occur in different locations within the uterus (Lark, 1996). The symptoms include heavy periods, frequent urination, constipation, bloating and backache (Tulandi, 2003) Masson’s trichrome was used to stain the uterus tissue (Fig. 1) which showed the collagen stained in blue, smooth muscle and erythrocytes stained red and the nuclei appeared black. MT stain revealed that the normal uterus tissue (Fig. 1) had a small amount of collagen present whereas the other uterus tissue (Fig. 2) showed an elevated amount of collagen stained in blue which suggested fibrosis. MT is an advantageous technique in medicine as it allows comparing the degree of fibrosis before and after the treatment biopsies to show if the treatment has been effective and successful. It is a routine stain for kidney and liver biopsies and this can be used on paraffin fixed sections as well as on frozen sections. Kambic et al., (1986) describes that there are different types of collagen and their organization is better shown using Sirius red with polarized light. Sirius red is a hydrophilic dye, in which type I collagen appears orange or red whereas type III collagen appears green (Kumar, 2005). Congo red was used to stain a spleen tissue section where figure 3 showed amyloid deposits in pink and nuclei in blue. Fig. 4 revealed a high amount of amyloid deposits in pink which suggested amyloidosis that is the disorder caused by abnormal deposition of intracellular or extracellular insoluble amyloid which changes the normal tissue function (Stevens and Lowe, 2000). Special stains is an important tool for pathologists   as it allows to the microscopically view and identify cells, tissues and microorganisms, providing an alternative to immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and various other diagnostic techniques. References Bancroft, J. D. Gamble, M.   (2008).   ‘Theory and practice of histological techniques’.   [Online].   (6th ed).   Philadelphia, PA : Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier.   Available from: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Dhn2KispfdQCprintsec=frontcoverdq=Theory+and+practice+of+histological+techniqueshl=enei=ifGETZKEPcWwhAfSvPW_BAsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepageqf=false.   [Accessed 7th March 2011]. Bancroft. J. D. Cook, H. C.   (1995).   ‘Manual of histological techniques and their diagnostic application’.   Edinburgh [u.a.] : Churchill Livingstone. Bass, P., Burroughs, S. Way, C.   (2005).   ‘Systematic pathology : a clinically-orientated core text with self assessment’.   Edinburgh : Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. Bely, M. (2006). Histochemical differential diagnosis and polarization optical analysis of amyloid and amyloidosis TheScientificWorldJournal. 6, p.154-168. Carson, F. L.   (2001).   ‘Histotechnology : a self-instructional text’.   (2nd ed).   Chicago : ASCP Press. Cook, D. J.   (2006).   ‘Cellular pathology : introduction to techniques and applications’.   (2nd ed).   Bloxham: Scion Publishing Limited. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1440-1827.2003.01513.x/abstract Kiernan, J. A.   (2007).   ‘Histological and histochemical methods’.   (4th ed).   Cold Spring Harbor (N.Y.) : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. Mohan, H.   (2005).   ‘Essential pathology for dental students’.   [online]. (3rd ed).   New Delhi : Jaypee Brothers.   Available from: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HmkTtLyxXF8Cprintsec=frontcoverdq=essential+pathology+for+dental+studentshl=enei=xRCCTaiHMs24hAezp6G8BAsa=Xoi=book_resultct=bookthumbnailresnum=1ved=0CDAQ6wEwAA#v=onepageqf=false. [Accessed: 11th March 2011]. Odze, R. D. Goldblum, J. R.   (2009).   ‘Surgical pathology of the GI tract, liver, biliary tract and pancreas’.   [Online].   (2nd ed).   Philadelphia, PA : Saunders/Elsevier.   Available from: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8ITX093f1j0Cpg=PA1143dq=Masson%27s+trichrome+staining+in+liverhl=enei=OB2GTYuVLYuqhAfJ_6m8BAsa=Xoi=book_resultct=book-thumbnailresnum=2ved=0CDgQ6wEwAQ#v=onepageq=Masson%27s%20trichrome%20staining%20in%20liverf=false.   [Assessed 16th March 2011] Rocken, C. Eriksson, M. (2009). Amyloid and amyloidoses Der Pathologe. 30, (3), p.182-192. Rubin, R. Strayer, D. S.   (2008).   ‘Rubin’s Pathology : clinicopathologic foundations of medicine’.   [Online].   (5th ed).   Philadelphia [u.a.] : Lippincott Williams Wilkins.   Available from: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=kD9VZ267wDECpg=PA990dq=mechanism+of+congo+red+stainhl=enei=ADGFTcSQDZGJhQf-n5iuBAsa=Xoi=book_resultct=book-thumbnailresnum=4ved=0CEUQ6wEwAw#v=onepageq=mechanism%20of%20congo%20red%20stainf=false.   [Assessed 7th March 2011]. Sen, S. Basdemir, G. (2003). Diagnosis of renal amyloidosis using Congo red fluorescence Pathology international. 53, (8), p.534-538. Slauson, D. O.   Cooper, B. J.   (2002).   ‘Mechanisms of disease : a textbook of comparative general pathology’.   [Online].   (3rd ed).   St. Louis, MO. [u.a.] : Mosby.   Available from : http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vRhtM0UMUh4Cpg=PA5dq=special+stainshl=enei=-vSETaMeqJKEB83RwccEsa=Xoi=book_resultct=book-thumbnailresnum=1ved=0CCoQ6wEwADgK#v=onepageq=special%20stainsf=false.   [Accessed 4th March 2011]. Young B., Lowe, J. S, Stevens, A. Heath, J. W. (2006).   ‘Wheater’s functional histology : a text and colour atlas’.   (5th ed).   Edinburgh : Churchill Livingstone Tulandi, T.   (2003).   ‘Uterine fibroids : embolization and other treatments’.   [Online].   Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.   Available from: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fZ8eha5yIfcCprintsec=frontcoverdq=fibroidshl=enei=oyOGTfnfMJGGhQeY_92_BAsa=Xoi=book_resultct=book-thumbnailresnum=7ved=0CGAQ6wEwBg#v=onepageqf=false.   [Assessed 15th March 2011]. Stevens, A. Lowe, J.   (2000).   ‘Pathology’.   (2nd ed).   Edinburgh [u. a.] : Mosby Starr, C., Evers, C. A. Starr, L.   (2011).   ‘Biology : concept and applications’.   [Online].   (8th ed).   United States : Cengage Learning.   Available from: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_16xbB2Py_UCpg=PA454dq=connective+tissuehl=enei=zYeITdaEAsywhAf61cm6Dgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=book-thumbnailresnum=10ved=0CFYQ6wEwCTgK#v=onepageq=connective%20tissuef=false.   [Assessed 8th March 2011]. Lark, S. M.   (1996).   ‘Natural treatment of fibroid tumors and endometriosis : effective natural solutions for relieving the heavy bleeding, cramps and infertility that accompany these common female problems’.   New Canaan, Conn : Keats Pub. Norwitz, E. R. Schorge, J. O.   (2006).   ‘Obstetrics and Gynaecology at a glance’.   (2nd ed).   Malden, Massachusetts : Blackwell. Kumar, R. K. (2005). Morphological methods for assessment of fibrosis Methods in Molecular Medicine. 117, p.179-188. Kambic, H. E., Kantrowitz, A. Sung, P.   (1986).   ‘Vacular graft update : safety and performance, a symposium’. [Online].   Philadelphia, PA : ASTM.   Available from: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NU0cVwIPk_oCpg=PA162dq=limitations+of+collagen+stainhl=enei=AEKLTcmzMsmYhQe1hJHEDgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=10ved=0CFsQ6AEwCQ#v=onepageqf=false.   [Assessed 20th March 2011].

Branding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Branding - Essay Example The idea that you are what you buy - that possessions confer status - has long existed and guided some purchasing, as most notably observed by Thorstein Veblen (1899). However, as status became associated with specific brands, the next step historically became the marketing of brand imitations.The act of branding can be traced back to the early 1800's when cowboys would brand their cattle before driving them across the central plains of the United States (Rozin 2002). In order to identify which cattle belonged to each ranch a unique symbol was permanently burned onto the cow. These symbols, in addition to serving as a means of identification, provided a set of traditions and a social identity for the cowboys.Today, companies use brands to distinguish themselves from their competition and to communicate unique qualities of their products (Aaker and Keller 1990; Low and Fullerton 1994). Once a brand is established, the brand name itself is thought to add value to the product in the min ds of consumers. This added value is referred to as brand equity (Aaker 1991). Companies and designers often employ marketing strategies that capitalize on their brand equity and place a greater value on the shapes and labels of their products than the material from which they are made. Such companies provide buyers with what are conventionally called elite brands, defined by Silverstein and Fiske (2003) as those brands that possess higher levels of quality, taste and aspiration than other brands in the product category. These products are often justifiably priced higher than other brands in order to make their brand seem exclusive and more prestigious. For example, elite designers are able to transform a 10 pound t-shirt into a $200 sought after treasure (Chatpaiboon 2004). Recently, Hermes reported that customers were placed on a two-year waiting list for their most popular Birkin bag, which retails for $6000 (Branch 2004). On EBay, women engaged in bidding wars over a blue Birkin bag for which the winner ultimately paid over $13,000 (Rose 2003). Many manufacturers have been successful in commanding a price premium for their brands. However, it seems that some designers and manufacturers have become victims of their own success. Once an elite brand has become so closely associated with status and prestige in the minds of consumers, it is only natural that other companies would want to imitate it (Rose 2003). Those who use brand imitating as a strategy to facilitate the adoption of their new product copy certain characteristics of the original brand (Kotler and Keller 2007). Previous research has shown that consumers often use their existing perceptions of a brand to evaluate new offerings such a product or line extensions (Aaker and Keller 1990). Because it appears similar to the original brand, consumers will then transfer attributes of the original

Recurring U.S. Government Spending and Debt Ceiling Crises Assignment

Recurring U.S. Government Spending and Debt Ceiling Crises - Assignment Example Increase in worsening of economic condition will result in further decline of the value of the US dollar. Question 3: The overall healthcare expenditure of the United States of America will increase by 6.1 percent due to Obama Care Act in 2014 and Morgan states that this estimate is lesser than the previous estimates of increase in government spending by 7.4% (Morgan 1). An increase of 6.1% will result in a total expenditure of $3 trillion on the healthcare system. Question 4: From the period of 2009 to 2013 the Medicare spending increased at an average of 0.02 trillion. During the period of 2009 it was 0.42 trillion and during the period of 2013 it was 049 trillion, while it fell from 0.48 trillion of 2011 to 0.47 trillion in 2012. It is expected that in 2014 it would rise to 0.52 trillion (usgovernmentspending.com 1). Question 5: The United States has budgeted that its overall government spending for the period of 2014 will be 3.7 trillion and this will include spending on pensions, health care, defense as well as welfare (usfederalbudget.us 1). In order to cover this budget of 3.7 trillion, the government has projected to collect a total of 3.0 trillion on tax revenues (usgovernmentrevenue.com 1). This means that a total of 0.7 trillion in tax revenues need to be increased to cover all government spending. Question 6: By the end of 2013 the United States’ federal government debt to GDP ratio was 101.6% and by the period of 2003 it was 59.5%. This means that the debt to GDP ratio of the United States Federal government has almost increased by 66% in 10 years time period which is quite an alarming situation (tradingeconomics.com 1). Question 7: The FED or Federal Reserve Bank of United States already owns 64% of the debt of United States government (Jeffrey 1). The FED owns this amount since it is purchasing government bonds in order to help the federal government to

Evaluate own responsibilities in relation to other professionals Essay

Evaluate own responsibilities in relation to other professionals - Essay Example Adopt suitable shortest or interactive lessons strategies for the whole-class, group or persons that support pupil proposal and self-regulating knowledge, talking relation of understanding I have of how kids and youthful people learn (Gravells 2012). Furthermore, am expected to be familiar with the theory skill requisite in the core curriculum or subjects to be trained, and how these can be incorporated into training and resources for learning. Develop assessment materials together with staff, in line with National and local guidance and consistent with achieving the aims of the school. Select and use arrange of assessment instruments, including those required by the government to encourage and examine education as an important part of the training course devoid of dominating it. Use assessment results to assess the effectiveness of teaching and learning and bring up to date about future terms (Gravells 2012). Summarize and document evaluation information of the pupils and transmit them to pupils, parents and others who require the information (Gravells 2012). Provide dialogue discussion with pupils in which their views are put into consideration. Also encourage parents to be in touch about pupils’ improvement and use opportunities presented to seek advice from parents. Write report to parents in a supportive plan, that give clear in sequence and particulars on how every pupil is moving ahead across all aspects of the program of study, and point out the subsequent steps in the pupil’s learning. Have an excellent understanding and positive of the institute and administration of the school. Know and recognize their own role and tasks as teachers in relation to additional school staff. As a trainer I will come up with a curriculum on staff basis and support other staff in developing course and programmes of work (Gravells 2012). Work as a team with other staff to create and

The Crucible the Importance of a Good Name Essay Example for Free

The Crucible the Importance of a Good Name Essay The Crucible there are many themes floating around. One of the most notable themes is the importance of a good name. To several of the characters the only matter of importance seems to be their name and what it seems to be associated with. Amongst this dialog we find that because the hysterical environment of Salem causes persecution of calumny became a common fear of a good, respectable name to be tarnished. Early in the play we are introduced with our first couple of victims due to the infamous fear. Our first encounter is with Abigail when Reverend Parris questions her about as to why Elizabeth Proctor had fired her Abigail responds â€Å"My name is good in the village! I will not have it said my name is soiled! Goody Proctor is a gossiping liar! † We can see here that she believes that Goody Proctor is trying to spoil her name due to the belief that she had been having an affair with John. As the play continues it is evident how she accuses other people of witchcraft so that her name is in the light and she is absolved from partaking in the witchcraft herself. Though it seems that Abigail’s only worry is her name, she is very dissembling. We later find out that her name seems to only be the light of her worries. Her main motive is to rid John of Elizabeth so that she can freely be with John. Her uncle, Reverend Parris, is naive to her hidden motives for false accusations. It isn’t much longer in the story when we find Abigail’s uncle, Reverend Parris is also sporting this same worry when we read a conversation between him and a trusted villager Thomas Putnam. Due to Betty, Parris’s Daughter who has fallen ill, and the village is suddenly buzzing with slander of witchcraft. In a conversation with Thomas Putnam it is apparent how this affects Parris. â€Å"Thomas, Thomas, I pray you, leap not to witchcraft. I know that you-least of all, Thomas, would ever wish so disastrous a charge laid upon me. We cannot leap to witchcraft. They will howl me out of Salem for such corruption in my house. † This shows that Reverend Parris is almost more caught up in what people think of him rather than how daughter, Betty Parris, is doing or rather how the Doctor, who has found nothing to cure her, will solve her illness. Parris is now continuously accusing his least faithful parishioners with having a contract with the devil. One of which is John Proctor, the man Abigail is having an affair with. John Proctor is known as a rebel in this story. Though a good Christian he rarely makes it into Parris’ Sunday Masses because he is working in the field and he doesn’t want to hear of Parris’ weekly ranting of the devil and hell. It is because of this reputation his wife is among the accused of witchcraft. When he tries to defend her he reluctantly admits to lechery. John Proctor was very reluctant to admit this because he wanted his name to stay respected. When judge Danforth doesn’t believe him they ask his wife Elizabeth if this is true. Unknowing that he had confessed and trying to respect his wishes of keeping a good name she says that she doesn’t believe that he had ever had an affair with Abigail Parris. When Abigail turns on Marry Warren, Marry Warren turns on John Proctor calling him the Devil’s Man. This causes his arrest and accusation of Witchcraft. Proctor’s importance of a good name is most portrayed in the last act, Act V, when he is begged to save himself by signing a confession sheet. He finally refuses to sign it saying that â€Å"Because it is my Name! Because I cannot have another in my life! Because I lie and sign myself to Lies! Because I am not worth the dust on the feet of them that hang! How may I live without my name? I have given you my soul; leave me my name! † John Proctor is the epitome of wanting to preserve his name. He willingly dies to preserve his name. In the story of The Crucible, Arthur Miller is able to illustrate the importance of a good name through many of the characters. We were easily able to convey this theme and build off of it. Since many of the characters’ main objective was too keep their name in good light we were able to better understand the reasons behind their actions, helping us receive a better understanding of the story.

Genetic Screening Essay examples -- Science Genetics Papers

Genetic Screening Genetic screening techniques are coming of age and the controversy that surrounds them is growing by the minute. The definition of genetic screenings is as follows: a systematic search for persons with a specific genotype. These tests that look into the essence of humanity, will allow scientist and physicians the opportunity and ability to alter the human genotype for better or worse. Genetic advancements will bring controversy at every milestone. Genetic Screening usually takes place when an individu al or group shows risk for a disease or trait. Genetic testing can pinpoint a specific allelic interaction or multiple gene interactions, which may lead to a disorder. The common thread of life is DNA and DNA is the only major requirement for genetic sc reening. With knowledge of structure and function of DNA scientists can unlock the mysteries of life. Who should be tested, when should someone be tested and who should know about the results are some of the small questions that society must answer about the ethics of genetic testing. Ethics plays a major role in understanding the controversy that surrou nds genetic testing. In the following pages I will discuss ethics, techniques, types of test available, major issues, pros and cons associated with genetic screening and finally my opinion. To fully understand the concept of genetic screening some essentials background knowledge is required. First, life replicates itself for the most part in the same manner in all organisms. Second, DNA is the molecule of heredity. DNA provides life its bl ueprints for building, replicating and surviving. Humans have a wide variety of DNA sequences, but the majority of sequences are common to all humans. DNA condenses to f... ...at genetic screening and genetic test are the way of the future and can benefit all with proper regulation. References Allen, B., (1994). Predictive genetic testing: ethical, legal and social implications. USA Today Nov 1994:66-69. Reference 2. Harper, P., (1993)Insurance and genetic testing. The Lancet Jan1993:224-228. Reference 3. Roberts, L. (1990) To test or not to test? Science 247:17-19. Reference 4. Time(1996) Do you want to know if the news is bad? Time v148:29 Reference 5. Blatt, R., An Overview of Genetic Screening and Diagnostic Test in Health Care. Obtained form www.geneletter.org/0996/screening.htm Stawicki, S., Pros of Genetic Screening. Obtained form: biology.uoregon.edu/Biology_WWW/Biospheres/winter95/GeneticS/G.ScreenPros.html Ynachinski, S., Genetic Screeing for Disease. Obtained form www.biotech.ca/projects/tbi/tbi02.htm

Marketing demographics Essay

The profile for the potential customers of Bob Bicycles consists of the following geographic, demographic, and behavioral factors: It is said that the immediate geographic target of the company is London. In terms of demographics, the company’s market segment includes male and female whose age ranges from 25 above. In a study conducted, it is noted that commuter cycling in the city is mainly dominated by white males with ages ranging from 25-44; this is because women is facing more barriers in cycling than men (See Figure 2). Most cyclists are also employers and employees who have seen the benefits of cycling with their health, economic and personal factors. As can be seen, children are not considered as a potential market since London is not allowing children to use bicycle for transport. Aside from this, other factors to be considered in the demographics of the potential customers of Bob includes the levels of bicycle usage, reasons for use, behavioral factors and geodemographic factors. Figure 2 Profile of Commute Cyclists 2006-2007 Behavior Factors. In terms of behavioral and cultural aspects, it can be said that Bob bicycles can be considered to have a big potential in London because of the high quality bicycles of Bob which meets the current trends in the bicycle market. In addition, there is a value attributed to the used of bicycle as a means of transport. There are various attitudes to cycling that should be considered by Bob in the London market (See figure 3). This result was based on the study conducted by TFL Omnibus Survey in 2007. Most of the perception of the individuals with regards to cycling is its economic, personal and health benefits. Figure 3 Attitude towards Cycling. Based on the analysis, it can be said that Bob’s plan of expanding his business in the London market, is very feasible and potential based on the current trends in business environment and the pool of demographics and potential target markets. Reference Automatic Traffic Count Data (2007). London Travel report 2007, 2007, TfL. Online available http://www. tfl. gov. uk/assets/downloads/corporate/London-Travel-Report-2007-final. pdf. Retrieve October 6, 2008. Heywood, C (2004). The Near Market for Cycling in London. Online available at http://www. tfl. gov. uk/assets/downloads/businessandpartners/cycling-market-report. pdf.retrieve October 6, 2008 Cycling Action Plan (2004). Creating a chain reaction – The London Cycling Action Plan. Online available http://www. tfl. gov. uk/assets/downloads/businessandpartners/cycling-action-plan. pdf. Retrieve October 6, 2008 Cycling and Motorbikes (2008). Online available at http://www. bbc. co. uk/london/content/articles/2005/06/14/cycling_inlondon_feature. shtml. Retrieve October 6, 2008 Synovate Ltd (2008). TfL Omnibus attitudes to cycling, 2007, Synovate. Online available http://www. tfl. gov. uk/assets/downloads/businessandpartners/cycling-training-effectiveness-results-summary-2008. pdf. retrieve October 6, 2008.